UCNPS-Biotin

Biotin is the carrier of carboxyl group in many carboxylation reactions requiring ATP.The carboxyl group temporarily binds to a nitrogen atom in the biotin bicyclic system,such as in the pyruvate carboxylase catalyzed carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetic acid.Animal lack of biotin causes skin diseases and hair loss.Upconversion nanoparticles have been widely used in biomedical field due to their excellent photostability,including in vitro bioimaging,in vivo bioimaging,biological detection,immunohistochemistry, microarray detection,photodynamic therapy and light controlled drug activation.